实现功能:
1. 基于redis队列,防止高并发的超卖
2. 基于mysql的事务加排它锁,防止高并发的超卖
基于redis队列工作流程:
1. 管理员根据goods表中的库存,创建redis商品库存队列
2. 客户端访问秒杀API
3. web服务器先从redis的商品库存队列中查询剩余库存重点内容
4. redis队列中有剩余,则在mysql中创建订单,去库存,抢购成功
5. redis队列中没有剩余,则提示库存不足,抢购失败重点内容
基于mysql事务和排它锁工作流程:
1. 开启事务
2. 查询库存,并显示的设置写锁(排他锁):SELECT * FROM goods WHERE id = 1 FOR UPDATE
3. 生成订单
4. 去库存,隐示的设置写锁(排他锁):UPDATE goods SET counts = counts – 1 WHERE id = 1
5. commit,释放锁
注意:第二步步可以设置共享锁,不然有可能会造成死锁。
代码
_orderModel === null){
$this->_orderModel = new OrderModel();
}
if($this->_goodsModel === null){
$this->_goodsModel = new GoodsModel();
}
if($this->_redis === null){
$this->_redis = new QRedis();
}
}
/*
* 秒杀API
*
*/
public function addQsec(){
$gid = intval($_GET['gid']);
$type = isset($_GET['type']) ? $_GET['type'] : 'mysql';
switch ($type) {
case 'mysql':
$this->order_check_mysql($gid);
echo $this->getError();
break;
case 'redis':
$this->order_check_redis($gid);
echo $this->getError();
break;
case 'transaction':
$this->order_check_transaction($gid);
echo $this->getError();
break;
default:
echo '类型错误';
break;
}
}
/*
* 获取错误信息
*
*/
public function getError(){
return $this->_error;
}
/*
* 基于mysql验证库存信息
* @desc 高并发下会导致超卖
*
*/
protected function order_check_mysql($gid){
$model = $this->_goodsModel;
$pdo = $model->getHandler();
$gid = intval($gid);
/*
* 1:$sql_forlock如果不加事务,不加写锁:
* 超卖非常严重,就不说了
*
* 2:$sql_forlock如果不加事务,只加写锁:
* 第一个会话读$sql_forlock时加写锁,第一个会话$sql_forlock查询结束会释放该行锁.
* 第二个会话在第一个会话释放后读$sql_forlock的写锁时,会再次$sql_forlock查库存
* 导致超卖现象产生
*
*/
$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1 for update';
//$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1';
$result = $pdo->query($sql_forlock,PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
$goodsInfo = $result->fetch();
if($goodsInfo['counts']>0){
//去库存
$gid = $goodsInfo['id'];
$sql_inventory = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid;
$result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql_inventory);
if($result){
//创订单
$data = [];
$data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo();
$data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id'];
$data['addtime'] = time();
$data['uid'] = 1;
$order_rs = $this->_orderModel->create_order($data);
if($order_rs){
$this->_error = '购买成功';
return true;
}
}
}
$this->_error = '库存不足';
return false;
}
/*
* 基于redis队列验证库存信息
* @desc Redis是底层是单线程的,命令执行是原子操作,包括lpush,lpop等.高并发下不会导致超卖
*
*/
protected function order_check_redis($gid){
$goodsInfo = $this->_goodsModel->getGoods($gid);
if(!$goodsInfo){
$this->_error = '商品不存在';
return false;
}
$key = 'goods_list_'.$goodsInfo['id'];
$count = $this->_redis->getHandel()->lpop($key);
if(!$count){
$this->_error = '库存不足';
return false;
}
//生成订单
$data = [];
$data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo();
$data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id'];
$data['addtime'] = time();
$data['uid'] = 1;
$order_rs = $this->_orderModel->create_order($data);
//库存减少
$gid = $goodsInfo['id'];
$sql = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid;
$result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql);
$this->_error = '购买成功';
return true;
}
/*
* 基于mysql事务验证库存信息
* @desc 事务 和 行锁 模式,高并发下不会导致超卖,但效率会慢点
说明:
如果$sql_forlock不加写锁,并发时,$sql_forlock查询的记录存都大于0,可以减库存操作.
如果$sql_forlock加了写锁,并发时,$sql_forlock查询是等待第一次链接释放后查询.所以库存最多就是5
*/
protected function order_check_transaction($gid){
$model = $this->_goodsModel;
$pdo = $model->getHandler();
$gid = intval($gid);
try{
$pdo->beginTransaction();//开启事务处理
/*
* 1:$sql_forlock如果只加事务,不加写锁:
* 开启事务
* 因为没有加锁,读$sql_forlock后,并发时$sql_inventory之前还可以再读。
* $sql_inventory之后和commit之前才会锁定
* 出现超卖跟事务的一致性不冲突
*
*
* 2:$sql_forlock如果加了事务,又加读锁:
* 开启事务
* 第一个会话读$sql_forlock时加读锁,并发时,第二个会话也允许获得$sql_forlock的读锁,
* 但是在第一个会话执行去库存操作时(写锁),写锁便会等待第二个会话的读锁,第二个会话执行写操作时,写锁便会等待第一个会话的读锁,
* 出现死锁
* 3:$sql_forlock如果加了事务,又加写锁:
* 开启事务
* 第一个会话读$sql_forlock时加写锁,直到commit才会释放写锁,并发查询不会出现超卖现象。
*
*/
$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1 for update';
//$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1 LOCK IN SHARE MODE';
//$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1';
$result = $pdo->query($sql_forlock,PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
$goodsInfo = $result->fetch();
if($goodsInfo['counts']>0){
//去库存
$gid = $goodsInfo['id'];
$sql_inventory = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid;
$result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql_inventory);
if(!$result){
$pdo->rollBack();
$this->_error = '库存减少失败';
return false;
}
//创订单
$data = [];
$data['id'] = 'null';
$data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo();
$data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id'];
$data['uid'] = 'abc';
$data['addtime'] = time();
$sql = 'insert into orders (id,order_id,goods_id,uid,addtime) values ('.$data['id'].',"'.$data['order_id'].'","'.$data['goods_id'].'","'.$data['uid'].'","'.$data['addtime'].'")';
$result = $pdo->exec($sql);
if(!$result){
$pdo->rollBack();
$this->_error = '订单创建失败';
return false;
}
$pdo->commit();//提交
$this->_error = '购买成功';
return true;
}else{
$this->_error = '库存不足';
return false;
}
}catch(PDOException $e){
echo $e->getMessage();
$pdo->rollBack();
}
}
/*
* 创建订单
* mysql 事物处理,也可以用存储过程
*
*/
private function create_order($goodsInfo){
//生成订单
$data = [];
$data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo();
$data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id'];
$data['addtime'] = time();
$data['uid'] = 1;
$order_rs = $this->_orderModel->create_order($data);
//库存减少
$gid = $goodsInfo['id'];
$sql = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid;
$result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql);
return true;
}
}
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