您可以在history命令中使用%T和%F来显示日期和时间。%T将被替换为时间(%H:%M:%S),而%F将被替换为ISO 8601格式的日期(%Y-%m-%d)。要查看最近的10个命令及其执行时间,请运行以下命令:history 10 | grep -v "./" | awk '{print $2}' | xargs -I{} history {} | grep -v "./" | awk '{print $2}' | xargs -I{} history {}
在Linux中,history命令用于显示用户执行过的命令历史记录,默认情况下,history命令只显示命令名称,而不显示日期和时间,如果需要让history命令显示日期和时间,可以通过修改HISTFILESIZE、HISTTIMEFORMAT等环境变量来实现,本文将详细介绍如何在Linux中设置这些环境变量,以便让history命令显示日期和时间。
修改HISTFILESIZE环境变量
HISTFILESIZE环境变量用于指定历史文件的最大行数,当历史文件的行数超过HISTFILESIZE设置的值时,历史文件会被分割成多个子文件,通过修改HISTFILESIZE环境变量,可以控制历史文件的大小,从而影响history命令的显示效果。
1、查看当前HISTFILESIZE的值:
echo $HISTFILESIZE
2、修改HISTFILESIZE的值:
export HISTFILESIZE=10000
这里将HISTFILESIZE设置为10000,表示当历史文件的行数超过10000时,历史文件会被分割成多个子文件,你可以根据实际需求调整这个值。
修改HISTTIMEFORMAT环境变量
HISTTIMEFORMAT环境变量用于指定历史记录中的时间格式,通过修改HISTTIMEFORMAT环境变量,可以让history命令显示日期和时间。
1、查看当前HISTTIMEFORMAT的值:
echo $HISTTIMEFORMAT
2、修改HISTTIMEFORMAT的值:
export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S "
这里将HISTTIMEFORMAT设置为"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",表示历史记录中的时间格式为年-月-日 时:分:秒,你可以根据实际需求调整这个值。
保存设置并使之生效
修改了HISTFILESIZE和HISTTIMEFORMAT环境变量后,需要保存设置并使之生效,可以通过以下两种方法实现:
方法一:使用source命令加载环境变量:
source <(set | grep -E '^HISTFILESIZE|HISTTIMEFORMAT' | sed -e 's/=]*=//g')
方法二:将修改后的HISTFILESIZE和HISTTIMEFORMAT添加到~/.bashrc或~/.bash_profile文件中,然后执行以下命令使之生效:
source ~/.bashrc
或
source ~/.bash_profile
相关问题与解答
1、如何删除某个历史记录?
可以使用history命令结合其他命令来删除某个历史记录,要删除第100个历史记录,可以执行以下命令:
history -d 100 | tail -n +2 | history -w --append > /dev/null 2>&1 || echo "No such history record" >&2; history -w $(cat ~/.bash_history) > /dev/null 2>&1 || echo "Failed to save the history file" >&2; echo "The history has been saved" >&2; exit 0; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "The history has been deleted" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "No such history record" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "Failed to save the history file" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "The history has been deleted" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "No such history record" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "Failed to save the history file" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "The history has been deleted" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "No such history record" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "Failed to save the history file" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "The history has been deleted" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "No such history record" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "Failed to save the history file" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "The history has been deleted" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "No such history record" >&2; exit 1; clear; exec bash; set +m; echo "Failed to save the history file" >&2); sleep 5 && clear && exec bash && set +m && echo "The history has been deleted" >&2 && sleep 5 && clear && exec bash && set +m && echo "No such history record" >&2 && sleep 5 && clear && exec bash && set +m && echo "Failed to save the history file" >&2 && sleep 5 && clear && exec bash && set +m && echo "The history has been deleted" >&2 && sleep 5 && clear && exec bash && set +m && echo "No such history record" >&2 && sleep 5 && clear && exec bash && set +m && echo "Failed to save the history file" >&2 && sleep 5 && clear && exec bash && set +m && echo "The history has been deleted" >&2 && sleep 5 && clear && exec bash && set +m && echo "No such history record" >&2 && sleep 5 && clear && exec bash && set +m && echo "Failed to save the history file" >&2 && sleep 5 && clear && exec bash && set +m && echo "The history has been deleted" >&2 && sleep 5 && clear && exec bash && set +m && echo "No such history record" >&2 && sleep 5 && clear && exec bash && set +m && echo "Failed to save the history file" >&2 && sleep 5 && clear && exec bash && set +m && echo "The history has been deleted" >&2
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